The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) has reported that 2024 was another deadly year for journalists, with at least 68 media workers losing their lives in the line of duty. Over 60% of these killings occurred in conflict zones, marking the highest percentage in more than a decade, according to new data released by the agency.

“Reliable information is vital in conflict situations to help affected populations and enlighten the world,” said UNESCO Director-General Audrey Azoulay in a statement on Thursday. “It is unacceptable that journalists pay with their lives for this work. I call on all states to step up and ensure the protection of media workers, in accordance with international law.”

Conflict Zones the Epicenter of Violence

The report revealed that 42 journalists were killed in conflict zones this year, with Palestine recording the highest toll at 18 deaths. Other countries such as Ukraine, Colombia, Iraq, Lebanon, Myanmar, and Sudan also experienced multiple journalist fatalities, highlighting the elevated risks in regions fraught with violence and instability.

This continues a troubling trend, with more journalist deaths in conflict zones recorded in the past two years than any comparable period since 2016–2017.

Progress in Non-Conflict Areas

On a positive note, journalist killings in non-conflict areas dropped significantly, with 26 deaths recorded in 2024 – the lowest figure in 16 years. Latin America and the Caribbean saw a marked improvement, as journalist killings in the region fell from 43 in 2022 to 12 in 2024.

UNESCO attributes this decline to progress in addressing threats against journalists during peacetime, particularly in regions previously marred by violence against media workers.

Expanding Risks and Pressures

Beyond physical threats, journalists increasingly face financial, legal, and environmental risks. Between 2019 and 2024, attacks on journalists covering environmental issues surged by 42%, reflecting the evolving dangers confronting the profession.

UNESCO’s mandate extends beyond monitoring fatalities. The organisation implements initiatives such as the UN Plan of Action on the Safety of Journalists and the Issue of Impunity, aimed at enhancing protections for media workers globally.

Call for Global Action

UNESCO’s data, sourced from leading press freedom organisations, is rigorously verified to ensure accuracy. While some cases remain under review, the organisation continues to advocate for stronger protections for journalists.

“The quest for truth must not come at the ultimate cost,” Azoulay emphasized, urging the international community to take decisive steps to safeguard press freedom and protect media workers worldwide.